Scoliosis Spine Surgery
What is Scoliosis?
Scoliosis is typically a painless condition that causes an abnormal curvature of the spine. This often creates a rotation of the spine and rib cage leading to the asymmetry of the shoulders, trunk, and waist. However, Scoliosis/ Bend of the spine happening due to degenerative conditions can be painful due to wear and tear and nerve pinch resulting in leg pain & back pain.
What are the Causes of Scoliosis?
The main types of scoliosis are Idiopathic (cause not known yet most common type), Congenital, Neuromuscular, and Degenerative.
Idiopathic Scoliosis often presents as a child becomes an adolescent with the growth spurt of puberty.
Congenital Scoliosis is present from birth. It is due to the failure of the spine bones to properly form or to correctly separate from each other. Neuromuscular Scoliosis is due to muscular and neurological disorders resulting in progressive bending of the spine as the child grows.
Degenerative Scoliosis is found in older adults with the weakening of normal ligaments and soft tissues of the spine leading to an abnormal curvature of the spine.
What are the Symptoms of Scoliosis?
The commonest symptom of Scoliosis is a visible curve/bend in the spine noted physically as a hump or swelling in the back. Warning signs to look for are unequal shoulder heights, the appearance of an uneven waist, rib cages at different heights, leaning of the entire body, fatigue, backache, low-back pain, and head not aligned on the pelvis. Severe scoliosis (a curve greater than 100 degrees) can create dangerous problems by making it more difficult to breathe. Some scoliosis patients may develop nerve compressions resulting in paralysis or weakness or pain due to a nerve pinch.
What is the Treatment of Scoliosis?
Treatment of scoliosis is individualized and is directly based on the severity of the curve and the potential of it worsening. The three main categories of scoliosis treatment include observation, bracing, and surgery.
Commonly asked questions about Scoliosis
Do all patients with Scoliosis /Kyphosis need surgery?
No – Only patients with progressive curvature in the spine or growing bend in the spine require surgery. The patients whose deformity has grown beyond 60 degrees or is causing potential nerve damage may need surgery at the earliest.
How are Scoliosis and Kyphosis surgeries performed?
Scoliosis surgeries are extremely safe and are performed using most modern technology including spine instruments and implants to correct the curvature. To make surgery safe and precise with minimal risks intra-operative neuromonitoring (IONM), Robo-Navigation techniques with modern imaging are utilized.
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